Explanation of status:
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Credits of flags:
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Inspiration of orbs:
Other pages: |
Language | Code | Region | Status | Orb | Related flag | Comment | |
English | en | Europe W | global | Color: given flag Shape: US roundel, stripe is wrapped Explanation: US is main user of English. Colors used are also British ones. |
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British English | en | Europe W | continental | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: For use in UK and Ireland (Irish saltire covers all Ireland) |
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Scots | sco | Europe W | dependent | Single flag: Color: Union Flag Shape: Saltire Explanation: Irish saltire makes it suitable for Ulster Scots |
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Scottish Gaelic | gd | Europe W | dependent | Color and shape: Given flag Explanation: Sky, snow and forest |
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Irish | ga | Europe W | national | Color and shape: invented
Explanation: Prominent Irish symbol without politics. Colors are national, green for grass and blue from CoA of Ireland |
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Manx | gv | Europe W | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Triangular shape of the isle |
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Welsh | cy | Europe W | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Welsh dragon is simplified. White-green is given by Tudors. |
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Cornish | kw | Europe W | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Symbol of Saint Piran |
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Breton | br | Europe W | recognized | Color: given flag Shape: single device, stripes are wrapped Explanation: Based on traditional ermine and Kroaz Du |
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French | fr | Europe W | global | Color: given flag Shape: traditional device Explanation: Blue-freedom, white-equality, red-brotherhood. Symbol of statehood is blue - "free state" - republic. Red wraps all - universal brotherhood. |
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Swiss French | fr | Europe W | subnational | Colors: French flag Shape: Swiss flag Explanation: different symbol of statehood, same meaning of colors |
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Norman | fr | Europe W | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Nordic shape with Latin colors. Suitable for Guernésiais and Jerriais |
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Luxembourg French | fr | Europe W | national | Color: flag of Luxembourg Shape: French device Explanation: Red is detached from tricolor, as in CoA |
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Belgian French | fr | Europe W | national | Color: Belgian flag Shape: French device Explanation: colors from arms of Brabant |
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Walloon | wa | Europe W | recognized | Color: given flag + Belgian black Shape: simplified rooster Explanation: Belgium "wraps"-protects Wallonia |
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Frisian | fy | Europe W | subnational | Color: given flag Shape: single device, stripe is wrapped Explanation: Water lily leaf on sea |
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Dutch | nl | Europe W | global | Color: invented Shape: stylized lion Explanation: Red is common for Dutch, Belgian and Surinamese flags. Lion of Nassau is golden with five "limbs" (head, hands, legs). Golden star is also for Suriname. |
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Netherlands Dutch | nl | Europe W | global | Color: given flag Shape: stylized lion Explanation: for use in the Kingdom of Netherlands (including Caribbean) |
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Belgian Dutch | nl | Europe W | national | Color: Belgian flag Shape: stylized lion Explanation: Covered by general Dutch. Suitable for Flemish dialects. |
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Limburgish | li | Europe W | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: traditional device, modern colors |
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Luxembourgish | lb | Europe W | national | Color: given flag Shape: simplified lion, less stripes Explanation: Civil flag is more distinctive for people's language. |
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German | de | Europe W | continental | Color: German flag Shape: Iron Cross Explanation: Hohenstaufen colors were used on flag at Wartburg Festival. Iron Cross was Prussian and Austrian army symbol. Black is also for German eagle. |
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Austrian German | de | Europe W | national | Color: given flag Shape: German device Explanation: Iron Cross in Babenberg colors is both Austrian and German. Non-linguistic Austrian orb has stylized eagle: |
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Swiss German | gsw | Europe W | subnational | Color: German flag Shape: Swiss flag Explanation: Hohenstaufen colors come from Baden-Württemberg, where Alemannic is also spoken. Related flag is suitable for general Alemannic (including Alsatian). |
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Belgian German | de | Europe W | subnational | Color and shape: given flags Explanation: Colors are German by coincidence, Belgian colors are from Brabant, lion is from Limburg and Luxembourg |
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Bavarian | bar | Europe W | unofficial | Color and shape: invented Explanation: Lozenge is from CoA of Bavaria. Red is for Austria, where the language is also spoken. |
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Low Saxon | nds | Europe W | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Flag of Noordland covers northern Germany Dutch Low Saxon can have this: |
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Sorbian | dsb, hsb | Europe E | macrolanguage | Color: given flag Shape: roundel with inner white Explanation: unique order of pan-Slavic colors |
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Lower Sorbian | dsb | Europe E | recognized | Color: pan-Slavic Shape: fess from given flag Explanation: Blue wrap is common Slavic feature |
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Upper Sorbian | hsb | Europe E | recognized | Color: yellow from CoA Shape: fess from CoA Explanation: unique design |
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Kashubian | csb | Europe E | recognized | Color: given flag Shape: black griffin on yellow Explanation: Based on CoA of Pomerania |
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Silesian | szl | Europe E | unofficial | Color: given flags Shape: combination of stripes (Upper) and eagle (Lower Silesia) Explanation: Simpler and preferred flag is |
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Polish | pl | Europe E | national | Color and shape: given flag (white eagle on red) Explanation: Version based on roundel is |
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Czech | cs | Europe E | national | Color: given flag (white lion on red) Shape: chevron changed to wrap Explanation: Orb is suitable for general Western Slavic. Variant flag: |
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Slovak | sk | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Shape: CoA; mountains changed to wrap Explanation: Both cross and tricolor are important |
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Rusyn | rue | Europe E | recognized | Color: given flag Shape: based on bear Explanation: Blue-yellow stripes are unnecessary. Pannonian Rusyn can have this |
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Ukrainian | uk | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Shape: simplified yellow tryzub on blue Alternative meaning: sky over wheat field |
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Belarusian | be | Europe E | national | bicolor white |
Color: given flags Shape: typical fess and lot of white Explanation: White is canting (BELArus). Single flag could be white-red-green. |
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Russian | ru | Europe E | global | Color: given flag Shape: typical symbol (five "limbs" of human, see Dutch) Explanation: Suitable for general Eastern Slavic |
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Serbo-Croatian | sh | Europe E | continental | Color: given flag Shape: roundel, based on flag Explanation: Suitable for general Southern Slavic |
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Serbian | sr | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Shape: roundel, based on CoA Explanation: Cross combined with tricolor is unique |
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Montenegrin | sr | Europe E | national | Color: given flag (modern combinaton) Shape: Serbian cross Explanation: Actually Serbian language in Montenegro |
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Croatian | hr | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Shape: CoA Explanation: Red and White Croats united with Slavonian blue |
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Bosnian | bs | Europe E | national | Color and shape: given CoA with lilium bosniacum, national flower Prefered flag: Alternative flag: Explanation: Orb combines territorial lily with cultural green |
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Slovene | sl | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Shape: CoA Explanation: Colors are from CoA of Carniola. Unlike it, Triglav is unifying Slovene symbol |
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Macedonian | mk | Europe E | national | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Sun is important Macedonian symbol, this shape is unique |
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Bulgarian | bg | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Shape: White is inner (better for background) Explanation: Pan-Slavic with blue changed Version: |
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General Slavic | sla | Europe E | macrolanguage | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Flag adopted in Prague 1848. Red is inner, as "heart" |
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Romanian | ro | Europe E | continental | Color: given flag Explanation: Blue is outer as background of CoA. Differs from General Slavic in yellow, "golden eagle" - Romance symbol |
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Moldovan | ro | Europe E | national | Color: Romanian flag Shape: given CoA Explanation: Typical star for Moldova (not Moldavia!). With yellow changed to white it is orb of Transnistria |
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Aromanian | rup | Europe E | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: unity of diaspora in many states |
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Italian | it | Europe S | continental | Prefered flag: |
Color: House of Savoy Shape: Stella d'Italia (actually Venus) Explanation: Blue is Italian national color. Tricolor originated in 1797 in Cispadane Republic after Lombard green and French tricolor Variants: |
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Swiss Italian | it | Europe W | subnational | Color: Italian orb Shape: Swiss device Explanation: Swiss cross (in true colors) covered by Italian national color |
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Romansh | rm | Europe W | subnational | Color and shape: given flag, based on Version from reddit: |
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Friulian | fur | Europe S | recognized | Color: given flag Shape: stylized eagle Version from reddit: |
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Ladin | lld | Europe S | recognized | Color: given flag Shape: stylized Alps Version from reddit: |
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Venetian | vec | Europe S | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Symbol of Saint Mark |
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Sardinian | sc | Europe S | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Cross of Saint George, heads are simplified |
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Corsican | co | Europe W | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Former place of piracy. Head has different direction than Sardinian heads |
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Arpitan (Franco-Provençal) |
frp | Europe W | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: flag is modern, probably based on Savoy and Aosta Alternative symbol: |
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Occitan | oc | Europe S | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Cross from CoA of Toulouse. Suitable for Aranese |
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Catalan | ca | Europe S | national | Color: given flag Shape: four red spots by either section Explanation: Four bloody fingers on golden shield (several legends) |
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Spanish | es | Europe S | global | Color: old Spanish tricolor Shape: from Flag of Hispanicity Explanation: Purple is for León. Yellow circle is also for sun. Prefered flag: |
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Aragonese | an | Europe S | recognized | Color and shape: based on given CoA Explanation: Cross of Ińigo Arista, related to Saint James Prefered flag: |
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Basque | eu | Europe S | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: Lauburu, traditional symbol Explanation: lauburu is cultural, apolitical and recognizable symbol |
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Asturian | ast | Europe S | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Cross of Victory from Covadonga 722, clad in gold |
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Mirandese | mwl | Europe S | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: flag is modern, language has four spoken municipalities |
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Galician | gl | Europe S | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: single arm from Cross of Saint Andrew in traditional colors |
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Portuguese | pt | Europe S | global | Color: bicolor of Portugal Shape: Order of Christ Cross Explanation: Green is for hope, red for blood. Flag is also for Brazilian variant, which has its own orb |
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Latin | la | Europe S | sacred | Color: invented combination Shape: pale from Vatican City Explanation: Orb is older than flag, it combines Roman Empire and Vatican. Incidentally similar also to Italy |
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Maltese | mt | Europe S | national | Color: given flag Shape: simplified George Cross Explanation: Bicolor is from Knights of Malta, originally symbol of John the Baptist Prefered flag: |
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Greek | el | Europe S | continental | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: sea, purity and faith. Prefered over striped flag Version: suitable for Ancient Greek |
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Cypriot Greek | el | Europe S | national | Color and shape: invented combinations Explanation: Copper wrap for Cyprus (canting), cross from Greek orb. Non-linguistic Cypriot orb has green for wreaths: |
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Albanian | sq | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Shape: simplified eagle Explanation: Eagle is canting in Albanian, colors are traditional |
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Icelandic | is | Europe N | national | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: sea, snow and lava |
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Faroese | fo | Europe N | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: |
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Norwegian | no | Europe N | national | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Based on Danish flag, blue is for fjords |
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Bokmal | nb | Europe N | subnational | Color: given flag Shape: lion is simplified Explanation: Suitable for Riksmal |
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Nynorsk | nn | Europe N | subnational | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: unique, yet similar to flag of Norway |
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Danish | da | Europe N | national | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: very old design, probably inspired by Holy Roman Empire |
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Swedish | sv | Europe N | continental | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: based on CoA (yellow crowns on blue), but crowns are not suitable for orb |
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Finnish | fi | Europe N | national | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: snow and lakes |
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Sami | se | Europe N | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Sun and Moon in colors of folk dress |
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Estonian | et | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Shape: Finno-Ugric symbol of sun (FUSOS) Explanation: Blue-sky, black-past suffering and forests, white-snow and peace. FUSOS is lucky symbol present in Estonian civic heraldry |
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Vőro | vro | Europe E | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Eight Vőro parishes. This flag is official. Version: actually preferred. Suitable for general South Estonian, including Seto |
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Livonian | liv | Europe E | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: |
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Latvian | lv | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Explanation: Maroon is for blood of heroes. Circle is also for sun in CoA |
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Latgalian | ltg | Europe E | recognized | Color: given flags Shape: Latvian orb Explanation: white gryfon surrounded by bluish |
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Lithuanian | lt | Europe E | national | Color and shape: CoA of Lithuania Explanation: Vytis is removed, cross is from Saint Ladislaus of Hungary Prefered flag: |
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Hungarian | hu | Europe E | national | Color: given flag Shape: FUSOS (see Estonian) Explanation: FUSOS shows eight cardinal points (Finno-Ugric feature), so it is in color of land. Red and white wrap is for stripes in |
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Székely | hu | Europe E | subnational | Color: given flag Shape: FUSOS Explanation: Moon is removed, golden FUSOS alone is recognizable |
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Gagauz | gag | Europe E | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Wolf is Turkic ethnic symbol. Territorial flag is |
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Crimean Tatar | crh | Europe E | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Light blue is pan-Turkic, shape is typical for Crimea. |
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Macro-Karelian | fiu | Russia | macrolanguage | Color: given flag Explanation: Territorial flag covers four next items. Suitable for general Finnic (forest, water and blood) |
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Karelian | krl | Russia | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: ethnic Karelian flag |
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Veps | vep | Russia | recognized | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: ethnic flag |
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Ingrian | izh | Russia | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: ethnic flag |
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Votic | vot | Russia | unofficial | Color and shape: proposed ethnic flag Version: Explanation: unknown |
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Nenets | yrk | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: Tyumen crown Explanation: proposed unificational flag |
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Forest Nenets | yrk | Russia | dependent | Explanation: flag of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District (lowland) | |||
Tundra Nenets | yrk | Russia | dependent | Explanation: flag of Nenets Autonomous District (highland) | |||
Komi | kv | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Explanation: sky, forest and snow (same like Estonian) |
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Permyak Komi | koi | Russia | dependent | Color: Russian Shape: perna (stylized mountain range) Explanation: Newer flag is worse for orb. Both are regional. |
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Khanty and Mansi | kca, mns | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: Tyumen crown Explanation: regional flag for both similar languages |
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Udmurt | udm | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: FUSOS Explanation: earth, space, sun; resp. stability, purity, life |
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Mari | chm | Russia | dependent | Color: Russian Shape: Mari cross (based on letter M) Explanation: Regional flag suitable for both variants (mhr, mrj). Newer flag is worse. |
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Hill Mari | mrj | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: shield is simplified Explanation: low-level regional flag |
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Erzya | myv | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Explanation: ethnic flag |
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Moksha | mdf | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: ethnic symbol Explanation: Moksha+Erzya=Mordovia |
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Chuvash | cv | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Tree of life, more recognizable than FUSOS |
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Tatar | tt | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Explanation: Islam (green) surrounded by Russia (red) |
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Bashkir | ba | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: simplified seal Explanation: regional flag |
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Abaza | abq | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Traditional symbol (see Abkhaz) |
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Adyghe | ady | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag (regional) Explanation: unity of Adyghe tribes (see Kabardian) |
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Karachay-Balkar | krc | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Caucasus is common for two peoples, as well as Turkic language (light blue). Separate Karachay flag is |
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Kabardian | kbd | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag (ethnic) Explanation: unity of Circassian tribes (Circassian=Kabardian+Adyghe) |
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Ossetian | os | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Explanation: colors from CoA of Ossetia |
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Ingush | inh | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: regional flag |
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Chechen | ce | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag (without left bend) Explanation: Islam and blood (same colors for regional and separatist flags) |
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Aghul | agx | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: ethnic flag |
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Avar | av | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: sswerdiro (ethnic symbol of eternity) Explanation: Variant colors are black-white or red-yellow. Another orb is based on stylized mountains. |
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Kalmyk | xal | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag (regional) Explanation: Lotus is Buddhist symbol |
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Altai | alt | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: regional flag (snow, water and Turkic blue) |
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Khakas | kjh | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Green is Khakas national color. Ethnic device is stylized sun. |
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Tuvan | tyv | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: yellow-Buddhism, white-silver, blue-sky, pall-confluence of Yenisei in Kyzyl |
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Buryat | bxr | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag (white is removed) Shape: simple soyombo (see Mongolian) Explanation: Regional flag for Mongolic language. Vertical striping is suitable for Soyot. |
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Evenki | evn | Russia | dependent | Color: given flags (red sun, blue sky) Shape: invented combination Explanation: First flag is regional, second one is ethnic. Black is for polar night. |
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Sakha | sah | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag (sky, snow, courage, forest) Shape: northern sun Explanation: regional flag |
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Even | eve | Russia | dependent | Color: given flag Explanation: ethnic flag |
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Chukchi | ckt | Russia | dependent | Color and shape: given flag (without tricolor) Explanation: ocean, snow and aurora |
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Kazakh | kk | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Shape: simplified sun Explanation: Tengri blue with sun and "canting" eagle (Kazakh=free), but sun is better for orb Older symbol: |
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Kyrgyz | ky | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Shape: stylized yurta Explanation: unique symbol |
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Tajik | tg | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Shape: simplified device Explanation: Pan-Iranian colors |
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Turkmen | tk | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Shape: five Turkmen tribes Explanation: maroon wrap is for carpets |
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Uzbek | uz | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Explanation: sky, peace, nature, life force. Blue is also for Timur |
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Karakalpak | kaa | Asia W | dependent | Color: given flag Explanation: based on Uzbek symbols, probably added Kazakh golden (Karakalpak is variant of Kazakh) |
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Armenian | hy | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Shape: arevakhach, symbol of eternity Explanation: tricolor is modern, it should resemble rainbow |
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Azeri | az | Asia W | national | Color: given flag (Tengri, progress, Islam) Shape: stylized Eternal Fire, also similar to rub-el-hizb Emblem: |
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Georgian | ka | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Shape: Cross of Saint George Explanation: Canting flag originated in Middle Ages |
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Laz and Mingrelian | laz, xmf | Asia W | unofficial | Color: flag of Mingrelia (upper) Shape: Borjgali (Kartvelian symbol of eternity) Explanation: Lower flag is proposed unificational. Separate Laz flags are and (newer) |
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Abkhaz | ab | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Shape: stripes wrapped, star expanded Explanation: based on roundel of Abkhazia |
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Hebrew | he | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Shape: Star of David Explanation: traditional and recognizable for non-Jewish users |
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Yiddish | yi | Europe E | recognized | Color: given flag (from flag of Prussia) Shape: menorah Explanation: non-political Jewish symbol for unofficial language |
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Ladino | lad | Europe S | unofficial | Color: given flag (from flag of Spain) Shape: Star of David Explanation: recognizable combination for language of Hispanic Jews |
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Turkish | tr | Asia W | continental | Color: given flag Shape: typical crescent Explanation: Crescent is symbol of Turkey since Constantinople 1453, where moonlit mirrored in blood. Later adopted by another Muslims |
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Kurdish | ku | Asia W | subnational | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Pan-Iranian colors and sun with 21 rays (Yazdani symbol) |
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Arabic | ar | Asia W | national | Color: given flag Shape: roundel of Jordan Explanation: The first pan-Arab flag, now apolitical |
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Persian | fa | Asia S | continental | Color: given flag Explanation: Pan-Iranian colors adopted by Qajars (Kurdish meaning: nature, peace, blood) |
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Dari | fa | Asia S | national | Color: given flag of Afghanistan Shape: Afghan roundel Explanation: Dari is unique for Afghanistan, Pashto has another flag |
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Pashto | ps | Asia S | subnational | Color: given flag, proposed on YouTube Explanation: Pan-Iranian colors (see Persian) Version: or third Afghan roundel |
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Baluchi | bal | Asia S | recognized | Color: given flag Shape: stripes wrapped Explanation: flag of Balochistan Liberation Army |
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Sindhi | sd | Asia S | subnational | Color: flag of Sindh Shape: given flag of Sindhudesh (political) Explanation: Neither flag is good alone. Sindhudesh is simpler, but bloody red changed to Pakistani green |
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Panjabi | pa | Asia S | subnational | Color: given flag Shape: stylized "five rivers" Explanation: Better for Shahmukhi variant, but actually pan-symbol |
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Hindustani | hi, ur | Asia S | global | Color: given flag Explanation: Hindu orange and Islamic green. Suitable for Fiji Hindi |
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Hindi | hi | Asia S | national | Color: given flag Shape: stylized dharma wheel Explanation: Islamic green is removed |
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Urdu | ur | Asia S | continental | Color: given flag of Pakistan Shape: Islamic crescent Explanation: Urdu speakers are mainly Muslims, also in India |
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Bengali | bn | Asia S | national | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: sun and jungle, non-political and suitable also for India |
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Tamil | ta | Asia S | continental | Color: given flags (bicolor of Tamil Nadu, tricolor linguistic) Shape: combination of bicolor and tricolor Explanation: Proposed apolitical flag. This is symbol of institution |
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Assamese | as | Asia S | dependent | Color and shape: given flag (princely state of Assam) Explanation: Gorkha knives |
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Gujarati | gu | Asia S | dependent | Color and shape: two color stripes, purple from Explanation: Gujarat Sultanate (red) and Rajpipla (purple) combined |
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Kannada | kn | Asia S | dependent | Color and shape: given flag of Karnataka Explanation: yellow arshina and red kumkuma, traditional symbols |
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Kashmiri | ks | Asia S | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: official flag of Jammu and Kashmir |
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Malayalam | ml | Asia S | dependent | Color: given flag Explanation: tricolor originated in Travancore |
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Marathi | mr | Asia S | dependent | Color: Hindu colors Shape: letter M in Devanagari Explanation: Canting symbol of Marathi in traditional colors of Maharashtra. Octagon is possibly Dravidian influence |
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Oriya | or | Asia S | dependent | Color: given flag Explanation: unofficial flag of Orissa (Odisha) |
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Punjabi | pa | Asia S | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: Nishan Sahib (Sikh symbol) Explanation: Only for Gurmukhi variant |
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Sanskrit | sa | Asia S | sacred | Color: Hindu colors orange and red Shape: Om, sacred syllable Explanation: Yellow makes better contrast |
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Telugu | te | Asia S | dependent | Color: given flag Shape: simplified map Explanation: Proposed flag of Andhra Pradesh is not suitable, because state was divided. Meaning of colors is unclear. Alternative is flag of Telangana: No flag is prefered |
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Bihari | bh | Asia S | macrolanguage | Color: given flag (proposed) Shape: voided swastika, typical for Bihar Version based on state seal : |
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Mizo | lus | Asia S | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Prefered for variants in India (e.g. Lushei) |
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Zomi | zom | Asia S | macrolanguage | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Prefered for variants in Myanmar (e.g. Chin) |
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Burmese (Myanmar) | my | Asia S | national | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Traditional tricolor with minimal change from Lithuania |
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Dhivehi | dv | Asia S | national | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: boldness, prosperity, Islam |
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Dzongkha | dz | Asia S | national | Color: given flag Shape: simplified dragon Explanation: royal yellow and Buddhist orange. Roundel of Bhutan is similar |
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Nepali | ne | Asia S | national | Color: given flag Shape: sun (better than moon) Explanation: Blue-peace, red-crimson (national flower), sun-permanence |
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Sinhala | si | Asia S | national | Color: given flag Shape: simplified lion Explanation: Orange and green from flag of Sri Lanka are removed, because they symbolize another peoples |
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Thai | th | Asia E | national | Color: given flag Shape: blue stripe is circled Explanation: Red-nation, white-religion, blue-monarchy |
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Khmer | km | Asia E | national | Color: given flag Shape: Angkor Wat Explanation: Blue-liberty, red-bravery, white-intergity (or monarchy, nation and religion) |
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Lao | lo | Asia E | national | Color: given flag Shape: moon against Mekong River Explanation: Royal flag is worse, elephant is more political than moon |
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Vietnamese | vi | Asia E | national | Color: given flag Shape: five-pointed star Explanation: two Vietnamese flags combined. Democratic (former royal) stripes: yellow skin and blood. Socialist star: head and four limbs of human. Border of star also resembles stripes |
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Chinese | zh | Asia E | continental | Color: invented combination Shape: Kuomintang sun Explanation: PRC red and ROC white combined, also colors of Hong Kong and Singapore |
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Simplified Chinese | zh | Asia E | continental | Color: flag of PRC Shape: flag of Singapore Explanation: Five stars with color and shape combined |
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Traditional Chinese | zh | Asia E | continental | Color and shape: Kuomintang sun (also naval jack of ROC) Explanation: Blue sky with white sun, symbol of democratic China |
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Cantonese | yue | Asia E | dependent | Color: flag of Guangzhou Shape: flag of Hong Kong Explanation: flower of Hong Kong is nicer, but colors of Guangzhou are used by Macau |
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Tibetan | bo | Asia E | dependent | Color: given flag (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha) Shape: rising sun over snowy mountains Explanation: created in 1912 as military flag |
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Uyghur | ug | Asia E | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Turkish crescent and Tengri blue, highlighting Turkic identity in China |
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Zhuang | za | Asia E | dependent | Color and shape: given flag (proposed) Explanation: traditional shape in copper color, green is for harmony |
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Yi (Nuosu) | ii | Asia E | recognized | Color and shape: given flag (proposed) Explanation: based on Yi folk dresses (black with pink flowers) |
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Sarikoli | tg | Asia E | recognized | Color and shape: given flag (historical of Xinjiang under Shicai) Explanation: Sarikoli is variant of Tajik spoken in Xinjiang, with center in Kashgar, where Shicai came to power. That is link between Sarikoli and Shicai flag. Orb is suitable also for Wakhi, another Iranian language in Xinjiang |
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Mongolian | mn | Asia E | national | Color: given flag Shape: simplified soyombo Explanation: Blue is for eternal sky, red for desert. Flames: past, present, future. Sun and moon: persistence of Mongolian nation |
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Japanese | ja | Asia E | national | Color: given flag + national color Shape: rising sun Explanation: Japan is easternmost country of Eurasia, "sun rises there". Blue is national imperial and sporting color |
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Korean | ko | Asia E | continental | Color: given flag Shape: Taegeuk Explanation: Black is for logograms |
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Tagalog | tl | Asia E | national | Color: given flag Shape: sun inspired by Sun of May Explanation: Blue-peace, red-courage. Triangle and stars from official flag are geographic symbols, they are removed from flag of language |
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Malay | ms | Asia E | continental | Color: Malay royal colors Shape: two "kris" swords Explanation: Given flag is political, pure bicolor is prefered. This orb covers Indonesian variant and dialects Alternative flag: |
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Malaysian | ms | Asia E | national | Color: given flag Shape: federal star, also in roundel of Malaysia Explanation: Because of prominent yellow, orb is acceptable for use in Brunei. Flag is not prefered |
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Indonesian | id | Asia E | national | Color: flag of Indonesia Shape: pentagon from roundel of Indonesia Explanation: five principles of Pancasila |
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Javanese | jv | Asia E | unofficial | Color: flag of Majapahit (also naval jack of Indonesia) Shape: after Catalan roundel Explanation: Majapahit was Javanese-speaking empire |
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Sundanese | su | Asia E | unofficial | Color: flag of Pasundan (West Java) Explanation: Non-political symbol of spoken area |
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Tetum | tet | Asia E | national | Color and shape: flag of East Timor Explanation: This orb is suitable for indigenous languages of East Timor, of which Tetum is single official |
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Hiri Motu | ho | Oceania | national | Color: given flag Shape: raggiana, national bird Explanation: In 1965, this was flag of dependent PNG. Hiri Motu was prefered link language then |
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Tok Pisin | tpi | Oceania | national | Color: given flag Shape: raggiana Explanation: Flag adopted in 1971 shows traditional black-red colors. Raggiana is more recognizable than Southern Cross, its background is preserved in orb |
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Solomon Islands Pijin | pis | Oceania | unofficial | Color: given flag Shape: five islands Explanation: Blue ocean, yellow sunshine, green land |
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Bislama | bi | Oceania | national | Color and shape: from given flag Explanation: Curved tusk and two ferns are for prosperity and peace. The rest is worse for orb |
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Fijian | fj | Oceania | national | Color: Pacific Ocean Shape: dove of peace, Fijian symbol since 1871 Explanation: Dove is present on current flag and given proposals. Official proposals for new flag avoid dove as ethnic Fijian symbol |
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Maori | mi | Oceania | national | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Aotearoa (long white cloud) with New Zealand national black and white and Maori symbolic red of mana |
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Chamorro | ch | Oceania | dependent | Color and shape: given flag (wreath and stone are simplified) Explanation: Latte stone first appeared on flag in 1972, it is symbol of Chamorro people |
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Marshallese | mh | Oceania | unofficial | Color: given flag (blue-ocean, white-sunrise, orange-sunset) Shape: diagonal ray is for equator, star is for island on Northern Hemisphere Explanation: Number of rays is decreased by half, originally for 24 electoral districts |
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Nauruan | na | Oceania | unofficial | Color: given flag Shape: stripe is for equator, island is on Southern Hemisphere Explanation: 12 points are for original tribes |
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Samoan | sm | Oceania | unofficial | Color: given flag (of independent Samoa) Shape: Southern Cross is symbol of Samoa since 1949 (influenced by New Zealand) Explanation: This can be viewed as ethnic flag. Red is for courage and possibly mana (see Maori) |
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Tongan | to | Oceania | unofficial | Color: after Red Ensign and blood of Christ Shape: Christian cross is centered and wrapped Explanation: This flag is protected against change by Constitution of Tonga |
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Tahitian | ty | Oceania | dependent | Color and shape: flag of Tahiti, basis for modern flag of French Polynesia Explanation: Colors are traditional for natives |
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Hawaiian | haw | Oceania | dependent | Color: Kanaka Maoli flag (unofficial) Shape: red is wrapped Explanation: Periodic tricolor is in official flag of Hawaii (white-red-blue). These colors are native |
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Greenlandic | kl | America N | dependent | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: sun and moon for polar days and nights |
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Haitian Creole | ht | America N | national | Color: based on flag of France Shape: central area simplified Explanation: White was removed from French tricolor during Revolution, later blue moved to top. White circle differs the bicolor from Liechtenstein and Philippines. Alternative meaning: blue-blacks, red-coloreds |
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Papiamento | pap | America N | dependent | Color and shape: given flag (without stars) Explanation: Flag of former Dutch Antilles, where Papiamento originated, is better than flags of respective islands. Number of islands is irrelevant |
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Nahuatl | nah | America S | unofficial | Color: flag of Mexico Shape: Aztec symbol for "language" Explanation: The word "Mexico" is from Nahuatl, so tricolor is good |
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Mexican Spanish | es | America S | national | Color: tricolor of Mexico (created by Agustín Iturbide, first emperor-) Shape: Spanish device, see flag of Hispanicity Explanation: Green-independence/hope, white-religion/purity, red-union/blood |
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Argentine Spanish | es | America S | national | Color: flag of Argentina (after Bourbon colors) Shape: Hispanic cross Explanation: Sun of May is not included, only colors are Argentine, so shape is Spanish |
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Peruvian Spanish | es | America S | national | Color: flag of Peru (after flamingos, or blood and peace) Shape: Hispanic cross Explanation: Suitable for general Andean Spanish |
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Chilean Spanish | es | America S | national | Color: flag of Chile (inspired by France) Shape: CoA of Chile (basis for roundel) Explanation: Blue-ocean, white-snow in Andes, red-fight for liberty. Possibly inspired by old Mapuche flag |
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Brazilian Portuguese | pt | America S | national | Color: flag of Brazil (except cross) Shape: Order of Christ Cross (Portuguese device) Explanation: Blue is for celestial sphere, green is for house of Bragança. Yellow for Habsburgs is removed |
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Canadian French | fr | America N | subnational | Color: invented combination Shape: flag of Quebec Explanation: Canadian French speakers are concentrated in Quebec, but they live in rest of Canada too. Red wrap is for Canada, which "covers" Quebec |
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Cree | cr | America N | dependent | Color: based on flag of Canada Shape: Amerindian chief in proposed Cree flag Explanation: Usable for general First Nations |
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Inuktitut | iu | America N | dependent | Color and shape: flag of Nunavut Explanation: inuksuk and North Star are important symbols of Inuit people, regardless of borders of Nunavut |
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Inupiaq | ik | America N | unofficial | Color and shape: flag of Alaska Explanation: Inupiaq is prominent indeigenous language of Alaska, the only one with orb. The asterism is important for Inupiaq people |
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Navajo | nv | America N | unofficial | Color and shape: flag of the Navajo Nation Explanation: official flag is simplified |
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Ojibwe | oj | America N | unofficial | Color and shape: Anishinaabe eagle Explanation: simple and recognizable Ojibwe symbol. Speakers are divided into tribes with separate symbols |
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Cherokee | chr | America N | unofficial | Color: flag of the Cherokee Nation Shape: seal is simplified Explanation: This Cherokee flag is recognizable, it has traditional colors and typical star (seven tribes) |
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Cheyenne | chy | America N | unofficial | Color and shape: flag of Northern Cheyenne Explanation: Simple, recognizable, suitable as pan-Cheyenne symbol |
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Aymara | ay | America S | subnational | Color and shape: flag of Qulla Suyu Explanation: Used since Inca Empire to represent Aymara, now official in Bolivia |
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Quechua | qu | America S | subnational | Color: based on flag of Cusco Explanation: Flag of Cusco has seven rainbow stripes, flag with two white stripes is proposed for broader Quechua community |
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Guarani | gn | America S | national | Color: given flag (based on Paraguay) Shape: Guarani national symbol Explanation: Paraguay is home of most Guarani, standard language comes from there. Tricolor originated in 1812 |
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Sranantongo | srn | America S | unofficial | Color: flag of Suriname Shape: star for unity of Europeans, Africans, Amerindians, Chinese and Javanese Explanation: Green-hope, red-love, white-justice |
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Avestan | ae | Asia S | sacred | Color: blue from
Shape: Faravahar, Zoroastrian figure Explanation: Avestan was sacred language in Persia when these symbols were used. Modern Zoroastrian flag is not related to the language |
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Pali | pi | Asia S | sacred | Color: flag of Buddhism Shape: Dharma wheel Explanation: Pali is sacred Buddhist language from India, where also Dharma wheel originates. Orb is invented combination of colors and shape, without orange (it is often replaced by another color) |
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Church Slavonic | cu | Europe E | sacred | Color: Pan-Slavic colors Shape: Orthodox cross (emblem from Bulgaria Explanation:Church Slavonic is sacred language of Orthodox Slavs, it originated among Southern Slavs |
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Slovakian Church Slavonic |
cu | Europe E | sacred | Color: CoA and orb of Slovakia Shape: cross, also used by Byzantine Catholics Explanation: Slovak pronunciation is slightly different from mainstream. This orb can also mark Byzantine Catholic Church |
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Assyrian | arc | Asia W | unofficial | Color: flag of Assyrians, based on old symbols Shape: red and blue are wrapped for orb Explanation: Assyrian (or Eastern Aramaic) is language of Christians in Iraq. Orb is suitable also for Aramaic diaspora (four cardinal points) |
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Aramaic | arc | Asia W | unofficial | Color and shape: flag of Syriac Christians, with symbol of Holy Spirit (fire and wings) Explanation: (Western) Aramaic is spoken in Syria. This orb is suitable for liturgical language |
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Coptic | cop | Africa N | sacred | Color: flag of Coptic Church (red moved to wrap) Shape: Coptic cross, simpler than emblem Explanation: Coptic language is only liturgical now, Copts speak Arabic |
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Berber | ber | Africa N | macrolanguage | Color and shape: pan-Berber flag Explanation: Flag is used mainly in Algeria. Rif and Azawad have another flags |
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Amharic | am | Africa E | national | Color: flag of Ethiopia Shape: yellow star is common for Ethiopia and Amhara Explanation: Amhara is cognate and homeland of Amharic, but it is statewide official |
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Tigrinya | ti | Africa E | national | Color: flag of Eritrea Shape: chevron is common for Eritrea and Tigray, star is also in roundel of Eritrea Explanation: Tigray is congate, its flag is prefered, but Eritrea is more important |
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Oromo | om | Africa E | unofficial | Color: proposed Oromo ethnic tricolor Shape: combining ethnic tricolor with flag of Oromia Explanation: Both tricolors can be derived from orb |
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Afar | aa | Africa E | unofficial | Color: from both flags (Afaria and Djibouti) Shape: red moved to border of chevron, white inside it Explanation: Afar is main spoken language of Djibouti, but it has more speakers in Afaria. Prefered is flag of Afaria without CoA |
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Somali | so | Africa E | national | Color and shape: given flag (originally ethnic) Explanation: Somali nation surrounded by ocean. Color derived from United Nations |
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Dinka | din | Africa E | unofficial | Color: Dinka ethnic flag Explanation: unknown, flag probably created by Jaume Ollé |
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Swahili | sw | Africa E | continental | Color and shape: roundel of Kenya, stripe of Tanzania Alternative: (flag of EAC) Explanation: Kenya-Tanzania combination is better, probably with only Kenyan colors in flag, because flag of Tanzania is unificational of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, while that of Kenya is suitable for extended Swahili territory. EAC is not related to language and Uganda is not homeland of Swahili |
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Kikuyu | ki | Africa E | unofficial | Color: given flag Shape: Bantu shield Explanation: Flag is ethnic of Kikuyu, but contains Mt Kenya, which is not prefered in orb. Without shield, the orb is same like Tatar one |
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Luganda | lg | Africa E | unofficial | Color: flag of Buganda Shape: Bantu shield Explanation: Buganda is kingdom of Ganda people inside Uganda, whose flag is not ethnic |
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Kinyarwanda | rw | Africa E | national | Color: given flag Shape: sun of new start Explanation: Sun on blue sky, gold for wealth and green for nature |
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Kirundi | rn | Africa E | national | Color: given flag Shape: single star Explanation: white-peace, green-hope, red-struggle |
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Chichewa | ny | Africa E | national | Color: flag of Malawi Explanation: Pan-African colors in unique order |
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Bemba | bem | Africa S | unofficial | Color and shape: proposed ethnic flag Explanation: unknown. Shown here as "Davied's wallpaper on Bemba" |
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Shona | sn | Africa S | subnational | Color: flag of Zimbabwe Shape: roundel of Zimbabwe Explanation: Shona is major language of Zimbabwe and these colors are common for Shona and Ndebele |
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Northern Ndebele | nd | Africa S | subnational | Color: flag of Zimbabwe Shape: flag of ZAPU, minor political party Explanation: I just like that flag and assigned it to minor language of Zimbabwe |
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Southern Ndebele | nr | Africa S | subnational | Color: flag of KwaNdebele Explanation: It was homeland of this Ndebele variant |
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Sotho | st | Africa S | national | Color: flag of Lesotho, inspired by Lebowa Shape: roundel of Lesotho Explanation: Actually Pan-Sotho colors (see Northern Sotho) |
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Northern Sotho | nso | Africa S | subnational | Color: flag of Lebowa Shape: rising sun Explanation: sky, land, dawn of Sotho nation |
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Swati | ss | Africa S | national | Color: flag of Swaziland (de facto ethnic) Shape: Bantu shield, used since 1941 Explanation: Blue-peace, yellow-wealth, red-battle, shield-protection |
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Tswana | tn | Africa S | national | Color: flag of Botswana (de facto ethnic) Explanation: harmony of black and white people, blue is for water (pula) |
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Tsonga | ts | Africa S | subnational | Color: flags of Gazankulu and Mozambique, where Tsonga is spoken Shape of Gazankulu: spoons in chains Shape of Mozambique: star of internationalism Respective variants: |
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Venda | ve | Africa S | subnational | Color: given flag Shape: transformed tricolor with yellow on right Explanation: Flag is based on flag of Transvaal, with colors typical for indigenous beadwork. "Venda" means land, so brown is canting |
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Xhosa | xh | Africa S | subnational | Color: flag of Transkei Shape: flag of Ciskei Explanation: Unificational flag is basis for orb. Both color and shape are recognizable |
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Zulu | zu | Africa S | subnational | Color: flag of KwaZulu (with ANC tricolor) Shape: Bantu shield Explanation: White is removed, tricolor occupies all background. This is the Zulu flag, ANC tricolor comes from here |
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Afrikaans | af | Africa S | national | Color: given flag Shape: language monument in Paarl is simplified Explanation: Orange-earth (karoo), cyan-sky and air, black-person. Many non-white people speak Afrikaans and black is traditional African color. Cyan is for "living zone" between person and earth, including farming (canting for Boer) |
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(Khoi-)San | khi | Africa S | unofficial | Color: flag of Bushmanland Explanation: Green-nature, gold-cultivated land, black-person |
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Herero | hz | Africa S | unofficial | Color: flag of Hereroland Explanation: nature, harmony and person |
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Oshiwambo | kj, ng | Africa S | macrolanguage | Color: given flag Shape: possibly symbol of fortress Explanation: Flag of Ovamboland has derivatives for Ndonga and Kwanyama |
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Ndonga | ng | Africa S | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: flag of Namibia derives from SWAPO colors, which are actually Ovambo-based |
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Kwanyama | kj | Africa S | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: flag of Angola is based on MPLA Version: (flag proposed in 2003) |
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Kongo | kg | Africa W | national | Color and shape: flag of Congo-Brazzaville Explanation: Here is Kongo stronger than Lingala. But this flag has nothing with language, it is just pan-African colors in recognizable shape |
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Lingala | ln | Africa W | national | Color: flag of Congo-Kinshasa Shape: red wrap without fimbriation Explanation: Blue-hope, red-blood, yellow-prosperity. Star is for unity and appears also in older flags for country, where Lingala is lingua franca |
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Luba | lu | Africa W | subnational | Color: flag of Katanga Shape: Katanga cross, ancient currency Explanation: Red-power, green-hope, white-peace, cross-prosperity |
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Sango | sg | Africa W | national | Color: given flag (without French white) Shape: roundel of CAR Explanation: Flag of CAR combines French and Pan-African colors |
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Kanuri | kr | Africa W | unofficial | Color: given ethnic flag Shape: roundel with star centered Explanation: based on flag of Bornu Empire |
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Hausa | ha | Africa W | subnational | Color and shape: given ethnic flag Explanation: traditional symbol, possibly from dress art |
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Igbo | ig | Africa W | subnational | Color: pan-black colors from flag of Biafra Shape: Biafran sun is simplified Explanation: Biafra was ethnic Igbo state, this flag is relevant symbol |
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Yoruba | yo | Africa W | subnational | Color and shape: flag from "Flags of Aspirant Peoples" 1960 Explanation: unknown, alternative flag: (Egbe Omo Yoruba) |
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Akan | ak | Africa W | unofficial | Color: flag of Ashanti Shape: chair is simplified Explanation: Pan-symbol, suitable for Fanti (dialect in Côte d'Ivoire) |
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Twi | tw | Africa W | unofficial | Color: flag of Ashanti Shape: star from flag of Ghana Explanation: Twi is main Ghanian dialect of Akan. There are more dialects than Twi and Fanti |
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Ewe | ee | Africa W | unofficial | Color: given ethnic flag Shape: single star is wrapped Explanation: unknown |
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Bambara | bm | Africa W | unofficial | Color: flag of Mali Federation Shape: kanaga, traditional symbol of Mali Explanation: Bambara is dominant language of Mali, its symbol is suitable |
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Fula | ff | Africa W | unofficial | Color: given flag of Guinea Explanation: Guinea is center of Fula speakers, they live in another countries too, but Pan-African colors are kind of pan-symbol |
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Wolof | wo | Africa W | unofficial | Color: given flag of Senegal Shape: star is wrapped Explanation: Green star is typical for Senegal, where Wolof is dominant language |
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Malagasy | mg | Africa E | national | Color: given flag of Madagascar Shape: roundel of Madagascar Explanation: White-red is from Merina Kingdom, green is for Hova |
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Seychellois Creole | crs | Africa E | national | Color: sea, sun, life, justice, land Shape: dynamic country moving to future Explanation: This flag superseded this political one |
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Esperanto | eo | x | constructed | Color: given flag Shape: star is centered Explanation: Green-hope (espero), white-peace, star-five continents |
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Ido | io | x | constructed | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: star has six points, more than Esperanto (Ido is next step) |
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Interlingua | ia | x | constructed | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: stars resembles cardinal points (universal language), but colors are for Romance and non-Romance peoples |
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Interlingue-Occidental | ie | x | constructed | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: harmonic language |
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Volapük | vo | x | constructed | Color: given flag (proposed) Shape: globe is centered Explanation: Vol=world, thus globe is canting |
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Romani | rmy | x | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: sky, land and nomads |
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Gilbertese | gil | Oceania | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Based on CoA of Gilbert Islands |
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Palauan | pau | Oceania | unofficial | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Moon over ocean |
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Tuvaluan | tvl | Oceania | unofficial | Color: Pacific Ocean Shape: islands of Tuvalu Prefered flag (without CoA): |
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Gothic | got | Europe | unofficial | Color: purple parchment of Codex Argenteus Shape: Gothic cross Explanation: Gothic flag is yet being chosen, here are proposals |
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Lojban | jbo | x | constructed | Color: invented by author of logo Shape: Cartesian system and Venn diagram Explanation: Mathematical symbols for logical language |
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Toonatopian | mis | x | constructed | Color: given flag Shape: taegeuk over Filipino sun Explanation: Pink border = rounded square in color of pink unicorn - symbol of irrational fantasy Rays of sun are for four dimensions and four cardinal points. Taegeuk is for harmony between reality and fantasy |
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Any constructed | art | x | constructed | Color and shape: given flag Explanation: Tower of Babel, colors are invented |
Country-based symbols (e.g. British English, Argentine Spanish, Nynorsk) should be used only if the specific variant is concerned. General symbols (English, Spanish, Norwegian) have precedence.
Inspired by these symbols by varpho: